What is leukemia? Causes, symptoms, and how to prevent this disease

 

We hear about leukemia, but we don’t always know what it truly means. This sometimes taboo term arouses deep fears. Yet understanding the basics is already a way to regain some power over the unknown. Are you ready to lift the veil on this disturbing word together?
What exactly is leukemia?

Leukemia is a blood disease that affects the bone marrow, where our blood cells are produced. In effect, the body begins to produce too many abnormal white blood cells that don’t function properly. This leaves the body exhausted, more vulnerable, and less able to function.

There are different forms of leukemia, classified according to the rate of progression and the type of cells affected. The most common are:

ALL (acute lymphocytic leukemia)
AML (acute myeloid leukemia)
CLL (chronic lymphocytic leukemia)
CML (Chronic Myeloid Leukemia)
Don’t panic: they don’t all express themselves in the same way, and some develop slowly, over several years.

Possible causes: What we know
Although the exact cause sometimes remains unclear, several factors may play a role:
Although the exact cause sometimes remains unclear, several factors may play a role:

Hereditary factor : Certain genetic predispositions increase the risk.
Environment : Long-term exposure to certain chemicals (such as benzene) or significant radiation may promote the disease.

History : Severe treatments such as chemotherapy can, in rare cases, weaken the system.
A weakened immune system : Certain viral infections can promote the development of certain types of leukemia.
Signs to warn you

Leukemia can be subtle, especially in the early stages. These are the most common symptoms:

Persistent fatigue, without explanation
Infections that frequently recur
Minor bruising or bleeding
Bone or joint pain
Unintentional weight loss
Heavy night sweats
An unusual pallor
Rapid shortness of breath
Please note: These symptoms do not necessarily mean you have leukemia. However, if they persist, it is important to consult your doctor.

Can leukemia really be prevented?

There is no magic formula, but certain habits can clearly make a difference:
There is no magic formula, but certain habits can clearly make a difference:

Limit exposure to toxic substances : Whether at work or at home, it is advisable to protect yourself from exposure to solvents, pesticides or other dangerous products.
Eat a varied and balanced diet : fruits, vegetables, pulses, whole grains… your best allies in everyday life.
Avoid tobacco : The link between smoking and myeloid leukemia is well documented.
Get checked regularly : A simple blood test can detect certain abnormalities.
Avoid self-medication : Not all supplements are safe. If in doubt, always consult a professional.